Myanmar

By helping these emerging community leaders, they will be able to contribute to Myanmar’s peace process and hopefully will be included in decision-making processes.

Five decades of military rule, an isolated economy, and ongoing war in ethnic minority areas have left Myanmar weak and divided. Officials are ill-equipped to create a political and cultural environment that supports openness, and builds trust among the people of Myanmar. Wealth and power remain in the hands of a few, and only those with political connections have opportunities to better their lives.

Since 1987 Myanmar has been listed among the least developed countries in the world, according to the United Nations.  It is impoverished, it’s underdeveloped, and because it lacks trustworthy sources of information, misinformation is rampant. While the military allowed the current civilian-elected government (the National League for Democracy) to take office in 2015, the military still retains control over key areas of policy, especially security and home affairs. Because the country has more than 100 ethnic groups, with many of them having their own militia, it’s politically and culturally at odds.

Nonviolent Peaceforce is helping local actors to protect civilians and build peace in regions where there’s conflict. Between 2012 and 2017 NP trained civil society and ethnic armed groups in ceasefire monitoring and civilian protection. Since 2018 NP supports women and youth to become leaders, training them to respond to issues that are important to their communities. In doing so, NP is creating opportunities for discussions between groups and allowing civilians to participate in the early stages of Myanmar’s peace process as well as local decision-making processes. NP also has brought together representatives of civilian protection networks from different ethnic areas to reduce isolation and create learning opportunities. In a similar way, NP has connected women and youth from various groups to strengthen their voices and encourage the population to pay more attention to their needs.

NP collaborated with USAID to illustrate the wide range of women and organizations engaged in peace-related activities across Myanmar. These infographic maps counter the claim that there are no women in Myanmar with the expertise needed to resolve longstanding conflicts. You can view the maps here.

Nonviolent Peaceforce sees a need to continue strengthening the resilience of communities in conflict affected areas, especially for women, youth and displaced people. As Myanmar's peace process is facing a deadlock and the 2020 elections may move the country's attention elsewhere, communities on the ground are likely to experience continued armed conflict in the foreseeable future. While programming in support of the peace process has become increasingly difficult, opportunities to support local civil society initiatives at the grassroots level remain. Many of the ceasefire monitoring networks NP has supported over the past five years have repositioned themselves as peace support networks and moved their focus away from the peace process towards social cohesion, inter communal harmony, human rights, or internally displaced person (IDP) support. They have requested NP to continue to support them through this transition and beyond. In particular, NP sees a need for community-based networks that assume a nonpartisan, mediator role in bringing different communities, ethnic groups, authorities, religious leaders together in safe spaces to address issues of concern. These efforts could help not only to resolve these issues, but to increase trust among communities and authorities, de-escalate tensions between different ethnic groups and model nonviolent approaches to managing conflict.